One collected the data from SYMLEK system base about twenty-four hours milk yield, milk composition and somatic cells content in 16 3196 control milkings, from 21 746 cows keeping in 2 158 herds on Pomerania and Kujawy, Poland. One ascertained an increase in twenty-four hours yield and milk composition improvement, following together with an increase of Holstein Fresian (hf) gene share and also of herd production level. This shows on advisability of national cattle improvement by enlargement of hf race gene share, especially in chance of possibility of conditions creation to high production for cow crossbreds. One showed that an increase in twenty-four hours cow yield in following lactations grew together with greater hf race gene share. Together with an increase of somatic cells number in milk followed clear decrease of twenty-four hours yield in each genetic group (the greatest in cow groups with hf race gene share above 50%).

The studies were carried out on Black-and-White cows with various contribution of Holstein-Friesian genes in their genotype. The aim of the study was (1) to analyse the milk performance of the cows with various milk protein genotypes and (2) to relate the obtained results to the milk, fat, and protein yield levels, and the percentage of fat and protein during 305-day lactation. Polymorphic character of the proteins was examined for kappa-casein, beta-casein, alpha-S1-casein, and beta-lactoglobulin. The milk samples for laboratory analyses were collected during a test day between 60 and 120 days of lactation. A positive effect of some genotypes on milk performance traits was found. Consequently, an increase in dairy cow productivity and improvement of technological value of the milk may be achieved through increasing the frequency of desired genotypes in the herd during the selection of the animals for the herd.

Last decade changes mostly influenced on size of sheeps population. An approachable informations relating to this subject are very fragmentary. Research included also changes regarding extant, create and liquidate pedigree and reproductive flocks over 1964 to 1976 as well over 1980 to 2000. On base of different sources one tried to describe this problem at first rather homogeneous pedigree Bydgoszcz Breeding District (BBD). From 1983 population of sheeps and goats in BBD increased and was maximal in 1986, than decreased rather impetuous. Over 1980 to 1990 participation of BBD in local population didn’t change in great part and was from 5.7 to 7.2%. Whereas from the beginning of 1991 started to increase (7.3%) till 1980 (13.4%). Last year (1999), BBD participation decreased to 11.7%. At first a little differentiation of race structure, in which dominated Merinos underwent differentiation in next years (3 genotypes in 1980 and 15 in 1998). However, predominance of Merinos is very considerable (95.4% of ewes in 1980 and 81.4% in 1999 in relation to all ewes register in flock books). In this paper one inserted a list of reproductive and pedigree sheep-folds in order to use of approachable archival informations and also to description of sheep-folds, which were carried weight for sheep-breeding in region or even in Poland. Unfortunately many informations concerning years between 1977 and 1999 are missing.

Fodder fish oil was applied in starter and grower mixes in the following quantities: 0 (Group I, control), 3 (Group II), and 5% (Group III), for 42-day period of experiment. The chickens were evaluated for production performance (gains, feed intake, mortality) and post-slaughter quality (carcass evaluation). Breast and thigh muscles were subjected to sensory analysis (colour, taste, smell, tenderness, juiciness) and physicochemical parameters (dry matter content, crude fat content, total cholesterol, and pH). As a result, we found that fish oil can be applied in broiler feeding, however in small quantities (max. 3%) and not later than until 7 days before slaughter.

Milk from 574 Holstein-Friesian cows constituted experimental material. The animals came from two cowhouses. At one cowhouse cows were kept in the loose housing system. On the other farm cows were kept under the indoor keeping system in a shallow cowhouse with stalls of medium length. A total of 3 552 samples were collected from cows being in their first to sixth lactations. The percentages of fat and protein, and the somatic cell count were determined. The number of cell elements was assessed using the direct method with the CombiFoos apparatus. In the study the dependencies between the number of somatic cells in milk and the daily yield and composition of milk were investigated. The effect of age group and management system on milking performance traits and the number of somatic cells in milk were assessed in the study. It was found that the health condition of the mammary gland, evaluated on the basis of the somatic cell count in milk has a significant effect on the daily milk yield and fat content in milk. The cows whose milk contained the lowest number of somatic cells were distinguished by the higest daily milk and the lowest protein contents. A lower number of cell elements in the milk of heifer cows was shown in comparison to multiparous cows, as well as the milk of cows kept under the loose housing system in comparison to the indoor keeping system.

One was collected the data about fertility results of 1 643 black-and-white cows (cb) with various gene share of Holstein-Friesian race. These cows by total number of calving – 4 707 kept in five byres in Kujawsko-Pomorskie Province, Poland. One analyzed the following traits of fertility: calving interval (OMW), pregnancy interval (OMC), pregnancy length, reproduction effectivity, insemination index, efficiency of first intervention. Interaction between genotype and farm as well as age on day of first calving, later calving and year season of calving on cow fertility was estimated. One ascertained that age on day of first calving and calving season in each genetic group didn’t influence significantly on cow fertility. Age of cows didn’t influence significantly on length of OMW and OMC instead one found significant influence on insemination index and efficiency of first intervention that were the best in primipara.

Conformation of 7 667 primiparas derived from herd effects subjected to evaluation in the region of Wielkopolska was estimated. Measurements were taken in 1989-1995. Correlations between body conformation and milk traits in consecutive lactations were compared and genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated. The study also used a mixed animal model, which helped to demonstrate that conformation traits affect milk production, especially in the first lactation. Of the non-genetic factors, the herd and the year of calving were found to have a very significant impact on milk yield, while the age at first calving exerted a slightly smaller effect. Positive phenotypic and genetic correlations were observed between conformation traits and milk yield and milk composition. Values of correlation coefficients, especially of genetic correlations, decreased with consecutive lactations. Conformation traits alongside non-genetic factors (herd and year of calving) exerted a significant influence on the value of milk traits. Conformation traits should be taken into account when assessing current breeding programs.

On the basis of measurements derived from 9344 primiparas, regression correlation was calculated between conformation traits and milk performance. An increase of 1 cm in the height at the back and at withers as well as chest circumference resulted in milk yield increase of approximately 50 kg and fat and protein yield increase of about 2 kg per lactation. The assessed regression interrelationships were highly significant.

Due to the significance of Staphylococcus strains in bird infections, analysed was the frequency of occurrence of Staphylococci in different farming materials of the broiler house. Out of 1 294 samples taken from selected elements of the farming environment, presence of Staphylococcus strains was detected in 365 (28.2%), whereas in the biological materials – 106, which makes up 22.5% of these bacteria. As regards Staphylococcus strains, the following were isolated in the farming materials – in the air: S. xylosus – 40.0%, S. lentus – 22.7%, S. aureus – 12.0%, S. saprophyticus – 6.7%, S. epidermidis, S. hominis – 4.0%, S. caprae, S. haemolyticus, S. schleiferi – 1.3% and Staphylococcus spp. – 6.7%; floor surface: S. xylosus – 39.1%, S. lentus – 30.0%, S. aureus – 10.0%, S. sciuri – 4.5%, S. capitis, S. gallinarum – 2.7%, S. cohnii, S. hominis, S. schleiferi – 1.8%, S. epidermidis – 0.9%; wall surface: S. xylosus – 30.6%, S. lentus – 23.9%, S. aureus – 9.4%, S. epidermidis – 4.4%, S. saprophyticus – 3.9%, S. capitis – 3.3%, S. caprae, S. gallinarum, S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. schleiferi – 2.8%, S. sciuri – 2.2%, S. cohnii – 1.7% and Staphylococcus spp. – 6.7% ; in biology different materials: S. xylosus – 54.7%, S. lentus – 20.7%, S. aureus – 15.1% and S. epidermidis – 9.4%; in parenchymal organs: S. xylosus – 33.3%, S. lentus – 17.4%, S. epidermidis – 7.3%, S. capitis, S. saprophyticus, S. sciuri – 4.4%, S. gallinarum, S. haemolyticus – 2.9%, S. aureus, S. caprae, S. cohnii – 1.5% and Staphylococcus undefined species. – 15.9%.

The aim of the work was the analysis of the exterior traits of polar foxes (Alopex lagopus L.) of different genetic groups. The researches were carried out on the group of 1 740 foxes. On the basis of the carried out analysis of the exterior evaluation traits it has been proved that the infusion of the Finnish fox blood influenced in a positive way on the dimension, color type and fur quality of the crossed animals. Polar foxes originating from the numerous litters showed generally lower dimension of an animal, worse fur quality and fur purity. However the dimension of an animal influenced in a negative way on the color type, but on the other hand, had no negative impact on the quality and fur color purity.

The aim of the paper was the characterization of breeding utility of silver fox females of native origin crossed with males imported from Finland. The research characterized 934 females utilized between 1997-1999. On the basis of the carried out researches it has been noticed that the highest number of born puppies were characterized by the females in the half-imported group (( native × ( Finnish) and females in the group of native vixens (4.90 and 4.67 individuals respectively). Taking into account the number of weaned puppies the analyzed groups of females were characterized by higher coefficients (4.20 and 4.07 individuals respectively).

The studies covered 1 247 half-bred horses of various coat colour, for which polymorphisms of albumin, transferrin, alkaline esterase, vitamin D-binding protein, and A1B glycoprotein were determined. In order to characterise the genetic structure of the studied population, phenotypic and allelic frequencies of blood protein systems, observed and expected distribution of phenotypes, as well as frequencies of homozygotes and heterozygotes in the analysed protein systems were determined in relation to the horses’ coat colour. Variability was found in blood protein genetic polymorphism in relation to coat colour.

One analysed the effect off some factors on twenty-four hours yield, chemical composition and somatic cells level in milk from 163 196 control milking of cow active population on Pomerania and Kujawy, Poland. Heritability of milk traits was estimated by REML method. One showed that basic components content is only to a little higher degree conditioned hereditary than their productivity and was from 0.19 to 0.25, whereas h² of somatic cells number was 0.14. One found the significant increase in productivity and upward tendency to fat and albumen content as well as to somatic cells number, together with an increase of Holstein Fresian (hf) race gene share. One showed that twenty-four hours yield of cows was higher almost by 11% in spring comparison to autumn. With summer milk contained less fat and albumen, besides sanitary quality of milk definite as somatic cells number was the worst. One observed upward tendency to twenty-four hours milk yield and worsening of milk quality with an increase of heads number.

The present work defines effectiveness of reproductive usage of a chinchilla stock of about 100 females, within four consecutive years. The analysis of the reproductive parameters revealed that high percentage (21.3%) of females was infertile. The mean number of young reared through nursing period was 1.53 per female. Mortalities of young oscillated around 19%. Summing up, the obtained results can be considered as moderate ones. Improvement can be achieved through selecting for reproduction of females from multiple pregnancies and also elimination of infertile females.

On the basis of a group of progeny derived from cows characterised by record milk yields, long-term inbreeding experiments were carried out. One F1 bull was obtained which was inbred in 25% and which, following a successfully completed progeny test, was further used for mating. Ultimately, twelve progeny groups comprising over 350 primiparas were analysed. Inbred groups were compared with 488 age mates. The objective of the research project was to develop progeny characterised by a distinctly higher homozygosity, which, as it was hoped, would allow replicating record milk yields of their progenitors. Progeny derived from matings of father with daughter did not guarantee highest milk yields. The group with the lowest degree of inbreeding (matings grandfather with granddaughter) gave the best results.

The aim of the work was to analyse the profitability of reproductive farm of chinchilla (Chinchilla velligera) in the years 1999-2000. The analysis of income shows that breeding of chinchilla resulted to be profitable. The profits were: 19 995.30 (PLN) in 1999 and 19 932.30 (PLN) in 2000. In both researched years remunerativeness coefficient was very high and exceeded 100%. In 1999 it was just 138%. Both others coefficients are satisfying too. Income coefficient exceeded 50%. Profitability coefficient, which is the relation of value of production to the costs, was 200%.