The aim of this study was to test the ability of dead wood colonization of Heterobasidion annosum isolates with known aggressiveness to the Scots pine seedlings. The experiment was established in Scots pine stand localized in the Człopa Forest District. Roots of six-month-old stumps were inoculated with mycelium of 19 genotypes of H. annosum Genotypes colonized wood of Scots pine roots on distance from 8.10 cm to 43.27 cm. The genotypes that colonized wood on a shortest distance and the most extensively differed significantly from others. The analysis of the ability of wood colonization by mycelium of genotypes in relations to its origin showed that genotypes collected from stumps overgrew the roots slightly stronger (about 14.5%) than those collected from trees, but differences were not significant. There were no differences between genotypes isolated from pines and beaches, either. Population of H. annosum differed in genotypes features conditioning the rate of its development in the environment and disease dynamics. Differentiation of these features of pathogen populations caused an unequal infection and disease development rate in stands. It seems that the most aggressive isolates colonize the stand fastest through root system.

Encroachment of the black cherry (Padus serotina) into swamp forests (alder carrs and riparian ash-alder forests) was poorly recognised. Most papers claim that P. serotina prefers less moist and less fertile soils, so many studies were limited to these habitats. The aims of this paper were to assess the density of P. serotina natural regeneration and the relationship between its density and species richness and diversity of invaded plant communities. The study was conducted in the Bogdanka River Valley, in Poznań (West Poland). 40 experimental plots (0.01 ha) were established. On each plot the density of P. serotina was determined and phytosociological relevé was conducted. There were four plant communities distinguished: alder carrs Carici elongatae-Alnetum, riparian ashalder forests Fraxino-Alnetum, plant communities transitional between alder carrs and ash-alder riparian forests and secondary forest community with ash on drained sites. There were no statistically significant differences between densities of P. serotina natural regeneration between plant communities except the secondary community with ash, where P. serotina was not recorded. There was a statistically significant (p < 0.01) positive relationship between density of P. serotina natural regeneration and forest floor species richness, as well as Shannon’s diversity index. P. serotina is able to colonize and reproduce in the studied plant communities, except the secondary community on drained sites, where competition with dense Sambucus nigra undergrowth does not allow P. serotina to establish. The relationship between diversity and invasibility has shown that P. serotina is able to invade well-preserved sites and is a potential threat to these plant communities.

Runoff due to different land cover characteristics (forest, agricultural use, urban facilities), is a different proportion of water balance in nature. The subject of the work is surface runoff from forest roads. The aim is to describe the relationship between the intensity of surface runoff from the forest ground road in the mountains and the intensity of precipitation. Runoff measurements were performed in the Wisła Forest District in 2004 on six sections of forest slope road with the ground surface, on 15 September, 9 and 16 October, with a frequency of 15 minutes, the rainfall, respectively, 9.6 mm, 5.2 mm and 2.8 mm. Determined correlation coefficients between the intensity of runoff and the precipitation intensity at different delays of the relationship (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes). For the best correlated data systems function describing the said relationship and the determination coefficient was given. Delay extreme runoff in relation to extreme precipitation can justify terrain features, vegetation cover, the state of the road surface and the degree of saturation of the land in road surface by water. The resulting correlations must be interpreted on the background information concerning the amount of precipitation from the period of about two days before measuring the runoff. The best correlation for larger and longer rainfall observed for the delay approx. 0–15 min. The decisive factor seems to be the saturation of ground in the road surface due to earlier rainfall. The less rainfall, after rainless periods, in the described conditions, have the best correlation after about 60 minutes. Functions describing the said relationship for best correlated delays frequently take the form of a polynomial of the second degree with a fairly high coefficients of determination.

The subject of the study was to determine the potential for reducing dose of Sokół 460 EC preparation used in the prevention and combating powdery mildew oak. The study was conducted on one-year common oak seedlings in a nursery field conditions. To determine the degree of infestation software CompuEye – Leaf was used and symptom area, too. The research material in the form of assimilation apparatus derived from the summer increase harvested in mid-September forming separately, for each variant and collective attempt, to block consisting of 10–13 leaves sample and then every attempt was scanned in accordance with the requirements of the software. Next, for each sample cumulative level of infestation was determined expressed as a percentage of the area showing symptoms of infection by powdery mildew oak. The obtained results allow to exclude (at five times the number of treatments) possible reduction below the recommended dose for one-year seedlings of oaks.

Sustainable development is a long process in which three systems are balanced: ecological, economic and social. The specific subject of implementing the concept of sustainable development is the State Forests National Forest Holding, which is a multifunction enterprise. At each stage of the implementation of the tasks and objectives of management for sustainable development, the State Forests National Forest Holding needs a lot of current and accurate information. The information is being generated by the accounting system (financial or management). The main objective of the study is to identify effective accounting tools that will generate useful information for the purpose of cross-sectoral cooperation. The author has attempted to answer the following questions: 1. What accounting subsystem dominates in the State Forests? 2. Does this subsystem generate ex post information for the purposes of reporting and control, and also ex-ante information for the need of forecasting and strategic planning? The study identifies a specific objective: “need for greater involvement of accounting tools as a source of information for different groups of users in relation to the intersectoral cooperation”. During the research, the following methods were used: literature analysis, methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis of phenomena results, individual in-depth interviews. The layout and content of the study was subordinated to the realization of the goals and verification of the thesis.

The aim of this study was to analyse the national sources of financing educational activities in the State Forests between 2006–2013. An analysis of the structure of expenditure on forest education was carried out and the pace and direction of changes in the financing sources were determined. In the analysed period, expenses on forest education realised by the State Forests showed an upward trend. At this time, the amount of eternal financing increased significantly from 10 to 25 million PLN, of which the dominant role in the financing of forest education had forest districts. Forest districts’own expenses accounted for 81.74% of expenses on these activities. External sources of financing educational activities accounted for an average 16.3% of the total expenses incurred. In the external financing, the most important was Regional Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management (WFOŚiGW), which share accounted from 32 to 46%. The state budget in varying degrees funded educational activities carried out in the State Forests. In the period 2011–2013, despite the statutory obligation of state to financial support, State Forests have not received any funds for this purpose.

Valuation of forests included in the national parks requires accounting system, seen as the main information system, which simultaneously considers economic, social and environmental conditions. In the current accounting solutions of national parks, the valuation of forest management objectives of sustainable development is not being performed. Therefore interdisciplinary research aimed at the selection of valuation methods used in the accounting system should be carried out, which can be most effective and appropriate to the valuation of forest economy of sustainable development in national parks.

The study analysed the occurrence of white pocket rot in older pine stands. Analyses were conducted during cutting operations, which provided an opportunity to examine each felled tree in terms of the occurrence of heartwood rot. Based on observations it was found that the actual share of trees infested by Porodaedalea pini considerably exceeds the number of trees with external symptoms. Most frequently the range of rot caused by P. pini covered sections from the root swelling to a heightof 5 m.