The aim of this study was to determine the ownership status of forest roads by the State Forests (PGL LP) and definition of ongoing changes in the road infrastructure in forest areas. The data obtained by analysing the inventory of forest roads for the forest districts by Regional Directorates of State Forests (RDLP) were summarized. Density indicators of forest roads in forest districts according to RDLP were calculated, and then the data were summarized for each RDLP. The paper presents the analysis of density indicators and comparison with the data of inventory in 2007. Analysis of data from 2015 showed that in PGL LP functioning 106,639.7 km of internal forest roads, which are 62,226 inventory items. The density indicator of forest roads in the PGL LP is generally 15.28 m/ha and 7.15 m/ha for fi re commuting roads. Comparing the length of all roads in the PGL LP from the SILP register in 2015 and data from inventory of roads on 31.12.2006 (182,973 km), it can be concluded that there was a reduction in the ownership of roads of about 76 333 km (41.7%) in forest districts. Analysis of data on the state of roads have revealed high diversity between the forest inspectorates PGL LP. In the majority of forest districts, in comparison with 2007, there was a reduction in the length of roads necessary for forest management and the ratio of the density of roads. A significant role among all the forest roads constitute the roads which perform the function of fire commuting.

The work contains the results of the inventory of damage in the first age class beech stands on the area of the Leśny Dwór Forest District (northern Poland). The inventory covered 515 487 trees aged 7–20 years, divided to 5 435 200 m 2 big sample plots representing 1,504.15 hectares of beech stands. Deer damaged 33% of the beech trees. The number of damaged trees is correlated with their availability for deer (share of tree species in stand and number of trees). Most of the stands (67%) were damaged to the extent of 20%. Significant difference in damages between subdistricts was found.

The aim of the study was to present the biosocial diversity of growth and increment of pines in the stand due to their tree position set with the use of Kraft’s classification criteria. 1 ha area of research was created in the pine stand on the fresh mixed coniferous forest with 402 pine trees where all the trees were numerated. From tables of random numbers, 6 numbers were selected which constituted the numbers of trees allocated for felling. Immediately before cutting, a biosocial position was set for each of these trees in accordance with the Kraft’s classification criteria. The diversity of trees was presented on the basis of a retrospective analysis of their growth and increment. The obtained results of the formation with age of height, diameter at breast height and volume, as well as the increase of these features in six randomly selected pines broadly confirm the previous studies. The dimensional and incremental features varied due to the biosocial position of a tree. Initially, the differences were small, they deepened with age. The culminations of growth and increase of diameter at breast height took place in the early life of trees. The growth and increment curves of the individual pines broadly crossed repeatedly until their 70 th year of life. The biggest differences were in volume and its increment. The culmination of the current increment growth was only at a tree representing the intermediate stand.

Presented study is focused on the analysis of the slenderness of common birch (Betula pendula Roth.), growing at the mixed fresh coniferous forest site type. Data were collected on three plots being the part of the permanent experimental plot of the Silviculture Department, located at the Siemianice Experimental Forests. Trees characterized the high values of the average slenderness index, s = 1.31 [m·cm^-1]. Results showed that s index is correlated with few biometric traits of trees. The highest correlation was observed in between s index and diameter (d_1.3) and crown width (d_k). The static of trees in the unmanaged 30-years old stands was not stable what can potentially be susceptible for wind and snow damage.

The aim of the study was to analyse the supply of beech wood and its prices in terms of quality-dimensional. Analysis concerned assortments that was sold by forest districts within the administration of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Krakow (RDSF) in 2005–2009 and Regional Directorate of State Forests Krosno in 2006−2011. In both Directorates there was an increase in the supply of beech wood. In Krakow the highest supply refering to a large diameter timber, class; WA0,WB0, WC0, WD in an amount (51%), and in RDSF Krosno S2A, S2B, S4 assortments (53%). Most sold beech wood with the lowest quality features, mainly class WD (60%). The veneer was the most valuable assortment of beech in the two Directorates. Prices assortments WA0 decreased in 2009, in RDSF Krakow by approx. 9%, while in RDSF Krosno, up by 26%. Much greater percentage price reductions were related to the assortments WB0, WC0 and WD. Prices of pulpwood (S2), perches (S3), and fuel wood (S4) showed an upward trend, even during the downturn.

Accounting in the State Forests National Forest Holding is carried out primarily at the level of forest districts. The specific conditions of forest management, including a kind of monopoly in the production and sale of wood in Poland have had an impact on the solution of accounting implemented in forest districts. Currently accounting of forest districts in the vast majority is limited to the financial accounting system. Districts do not have experience in a systematic application of solutions for management accounting. Managers at the forest districts level and regional directorates indicate the need for information beyond the existing model of forsets districts accounting system.

The aim of this analysis was to determine the mass of pine pulpwood, harvested from fresh-cutting trees. Analyses were made in four pine stands (aged 45, 47, 55 and 56). In each plot a total of 30 model trees were selected from among trees to be felled as a part of planned intermediate cutting. The average mass of one log of 2.5 m length ranged from 26.3 kg to 44.0 kg, at a mean of 33.9 kg. The total volume of timber harvested was 21.68 m³ with a total mass of 21 222.4 kg. When converted to 1 m³ the mass of timber was assessed at 979 kg. The ratio of actual density (979 kg/m³) to tabular density (740 kg/m³) was thus 1.3:1. As a result the actual mass of timber is approx. 30% higher than the mass that may be estimated based on the tabular density of wood assessed for the purpose of road transportation. At the stem profile the mass of logs decreases (which is the result of stem diameter decreasing with height), while green density increases. The increase in green density of logs is probably the result of changes in porosity and moisture content of wood, as well as changes in the proportion and properties of bark.

The described work is an attempt of analysis of chosen pine tree stands located in two different natural-forest lands, that is in the Baltic Land (I) and Wielkopolsko-Pomorska Land (III). The purpouse of the thesis is an answer: how geographical and climatic conditions influence the forming of pine tree stands in both natural-forest lands and relating to the entire country at taking into account earlier conducted researches on spatial diversity of the Scots pine growth. Researched tree stands were chosen into the way enabling comparative characteristics based on overlapping features tied with age, habitat conditions, afforesting and the dominating participation of the Scots pine.