The article includes description and diagnosis of socio-economic changes which took place at rural areas in Poland after 1989 year at the beginning transformation. In the article was made an attempt to evaluate the impact of demographic and social processes for the development of this areas. Changes and directions of transformations had stimulant influence for the development (e.g. successive progress of rural areas inhabitants education) and stonewalling as well (such as growing unemployment, migration processes, ect.). In research was made an effort to answer the question, what are the social-economic sources and reasons of transformation.

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