Last years brought very fast development of molecular studies in fruit plants. Peach, because of its relatively small genome became a model plant for such studies. Genome maps, constructed on the base of molecular markers became in the last decade one of the main tools for studies of quantitative traits. Mapping of QTLs with molecular markers and improvement of quantitative traits is very important goal in plant breeding programmes. For fruit plants, especially for fruit trees elaboration of new, molecular techniques of early selection of seedlings that posses valuable traits became priority task of breeding programms. Such techniques enable selection several years earlier than in the case of classical selection in the field.

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