The paper presents opinions of rural districts’ inhabitants, which are located on Euroregion Niemen area concerning role of self-government in socio-economic development of these areas. There was made an assumption that rate of socio-economic development of rural districts located on researched area depends mostly on activity of local self--government. The active position of districts’ offices, mostly in sphere of financial means gaining and their rational use has a significant influence on increase of competitiveness of inhabitants, contributes to economic movements of these terrains and brings many economic profits for rural districts such ones like new places of work, what gradually cause often possible social conflicts. The inquired inhabitants of Euroregion Niemen districts pointed barriers of development, chances, which should be used by local self-governments and solid activities, which in their opinions, should be undertaken in order to further movements and economic development.

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