This article covers issues related to the effects of road infrastructure on the surrounding areas. The existing and constructed transport network fulfils a very important function in regional development and in communication between people. However, its influence is not always positive. Noise, vibration, air, water and soil pollution have a negative effect on the neighbourhood. It is possible to mitigate negative effects of some factors or to neutralize them, e.g. by erecting acoustic screens, constructing devices filtrating contamination or adding so-called “green bridges” for animals. Nevertheless, not all effects can be mitigated, therefore, each new investment should be considered from the perspective of environmental effects.

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