The effect of genotype and weather conditions on the grain hardness of eight spring and winter wheat cultivars and relations between grain hardness and starch damage in the obtained flour were analyzed. Grain hardness, total content of nitrogen compounds and raw protein, and the degree of starch damage in flour were studied. The obtained results were verified using statistical analysis. It was shown that the degree of starch damage shows a high positive correlation with grain hardness (r = 0.7), which depends mostly on wheat genotype. Weather conditions during wheat growth in central Poland did not have a significant effect on grain hardness, although the grain of spring wheat cultivars was more sensitive to changeable weather conditions than the grain of winter wheat cultivars.

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