Preparations of Arnica have been used for treatment of post-trauma effects and inflammatory diseases. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the antioxidant activities and in vitro lipoxygenase (LOX) and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity of different parts of A. montana (AM) and A. chamissonis (AC) with reference to the polyphenolic compounds content. Based on IC₅₀ values could be concluded that active compounds of AM acted mainly as a XO inhibitors while LOX was more effective inhibited by AC samples. The highest antiradical activity was observed in the cases of AM flower heads and AC herbs tincture. All studied materials exhibited high chelating power (with IC₅₀ ranged from 10.96 to 11.84 mg/ml) and ability to inhibition of lipid peroxidation (IC₅₀ ranged from 10.00 to 15.09 mg/ml). Arnica tinctures possess high antioxidant abilities and XO and LOX inhibitory activity that might be helpful in preventing or slowing the progress of free radical dependent diseases. Additionally, results clearly showed that A. chamissonis might be a valuable herbal raw material.

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