This paper deals with the groundwater exploitation in some regions of South Poland and using them for the therapeutic purposes. The objective regions are Bochnia, Iwonicz Zdrój, Krynica, Kraków-Mateczny, Muszyna, Piwniczna, Rabka, Rymanów Zdrój, Swoszowice, Szczawnica, Wysowa, Złockie, and Żegiestów Zdrój in which mineral and therapeutic waters of balneological quality can be found. They are being used in different therapeutic procedures, eg.: baths, pool baths and other water reservoirs as well as in rinsing and compresses. They can also be used in drinking cures, called crenotherapy and in inhalations, called aerosolotherapy. Salty sulfate and sulfide carbonated water are most often used for treatment of rheumatic diseases, bicarbonate-calcium or magnesium, bromide, iodide carbonated water as well as bromide-iodide brines are useful in upper and lower respiratory ways’ diseases, whereas bicarbonated waters are useful in the gastrointestinal tract’s diseases.

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