Haploid maize plants are obtained using in vitro androgenesis in anther cultures and isolated microsphores, as well as in vivo, through obtaining maternal haploid lines created as a result of pollination with an inducer. DH lines obtained in vivo are gaining importance in heterosis maize breeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of 11 maize haploid offspring, derived from intraspecies crossings with an inducer of haploids. Plant material originated from the Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization in Radzików. For the evaluation of genetic variability, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers obtained by PCR were used. Nei’s and Li [1979] genetic distance between the particular lines was calculated on the basis of 84 polymorphic amplicons. The values of genetic distance obtained for doubled haploid lines (DH) were relatively high and ranged from 82% to 98%. Application of RAPD-PCR made it possible to isolate genotypes with the lowest genetic similarity. After testing the general and specific combining ability, the lines can serve as starting material for the creation of new maize hybrids, in which heterosis effect will be used.

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