The aim of the study was the evaluation of the economic and energy efficiency of spring barley cultivation depending on the applied pesticides. The incurred costs of plant protection treatments affected the obtainment of higher grain yield, the value of which increased by over 660 PLN·ha^-1. Every chemical treatment generated additional yield increase, which resulted in the improvement of the profitability index. It was demonstrated that the possibilities of cost reduction apply mostly to tractor and machine expenditures. As far as energy consumption is concerned, in spring barley production, costs of fertilizers had the highest share (on average 50.1%), followed by diesel fuel (23.9%), whereas energy expenditure for plant protection made up a small part of energy purchase (0.6%). It was also demonstrated that the application of complex protection resulted in the highest production effect. Expenditure increase by 140 PLN·ha^-1 (10.26%) resulted in yield value increase by 965 PLN·ha^-1 (19.36%).

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