Molecular biology techniques based on DNA analysis are being increasingly used in modern plant breeding. In most cases DNA amplification methods using the PCR are being applied. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of RAPD technique in identification of interspecific hybrids from genus Capsicum. The material consisted of selected interspecific hybrids (C. frutescens × C. annuum), (C. frutescens × C.  chinense) and (C. frutescens × C. baccatum) and their respective parental breeding lines. The research was conducted with fifteen decamer primers. The size of amplified products ranged from 122–2127 bp, and their number from 3 to 17 per primer. All 15 primers made it possible to analyze 143 loci, of which 111 were polymorphic. The analysis of electrophoretograms allowed the identification of all studied genotypes and confirmation of hybrid origin of all tested hybrids. Two RAPD markers were obtained for the C. frutescens × C. annuum hybrid, two markers for C. frutescens × C. baccatum hybrid and five markers for C. frutescens × C. chinense. The data obtained were used to calculate the genetic distance between the investigated genotypes and construction of dendrograms.

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