A field experiment was conducted in 2004-2004, at the Research Station in Tomaszkowo near Olsztyn, owned by the University of Warmia and Mazury. It was set up on proper grey podzolic soil, good rye complex. The purpose was to evaluate the biodiversity of segetal flora in a field cropped with the spring triticale cultivar Wanad. The evaluation was based on the species composition, density and weight of weeds, depending on the weeding method (without weeding; once harrowing; twice harrowing; herbicide; harrowing + herbicide) and nitrogen fertilization (total amount 120 kg N·ha-1: 0; 60 + 60; 60 + 25 + 35; 60 + 25 foliar application + 35). Such studies are essential for cognitive reasons and useful in agricultural practice, owing to the growing interest in integrated agriculture, especially plant protection and nitrogen fertilization, which is an attempt to achieve sustainable agriculture and protect biodiversity. The weed control methods tested on triticale fields led to the reduced species richness among weeds, their lesser abundance and lower air-dry matter. The lowest biodiversity was determined for the assemblage of weeds in a field of spring triticale which had been harrowed and treated with herbicide, and where the Shannon-Wiener index was 2.18 for the richness of weeds and 1.95 for weed biomass, thus being 0.31 and 0.58 lower, respectively, than in a field of unweeded triticale. Nitrogen fertilization, irrespective of the application technology, did not have a notable effect on the diversity and species dominance among weeds.

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