In 2012, in the south-eastern part of Poland, a study was carried out on former farmland, not used for agricultural purposes. The goal of this thesis is to define the speed and directions of changes occurring in plant communities on deserted former farmland because of the immediate surroundings of another land. Observations of plant communities were conducted at six research stations. The choice of research stands was conditioned by the size of the area of abandoned land, their immediate neighborhood, representativeness and homogeneity of communities. The occurring species of plants, including the abundance and sociability, were recorded in the form of phytosociological records. Flora was grouped in four layers (each independently). Factors examined the state of abandoned farmlands were abiotic environmental variables, such as: slope fields, stoniness substrate richness and soil pH, as well as the history of the land and the age of the abandoned fields. Some subsequent stages of a secondary succession can be observed on the deserted land situated near the forests. The succession is developing into a deciduous forest. On the land which is far from natural forest communities, the changes are much slower or hardly noticeable. The degree of species diversity in the abandoned former farmland was dependent on the nature and composition of adjacent plant communities. Vegetation dynamics in the different plant communities is, however, dependent on environmental factors and soil properties. The land which is not cultivated and more grassy can be a permanent part of a former farmland landscape. Discontinuation of agricultural production and leaving the former farmland has a significant influence on shaping the landscape in South-Eastern Poland. There are alternatives for land management of a former farmland to integrate new environments to modern agricultural landscape, such as reforestation, restitution of pastures, restoration or creation of foothill grassland ecological, so that will be preserved areas of natural habitat conditions occurring vegetation there.

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