The paper presents an analysis of short-term changes of air temperature, both interdiurnal changes (T2–T1) and those occurring within the next three and four days (T3–T1 and T4–T1). It was calculated as the differences of the daily maximum air temperature in a cold season (X–III) from 5 Polish stations (Łeba, Warsaw, Krakow, Poznan, Włodawa) in the multi-year period (1961–2010). Average long-term differences in short-term changes of the maximum temperature in the cold season varied between 1,7–2,4°C at different stations. However it was found that in extreme cases, day-today changes (mostly decreases) achieved 20,3°C, and even 24,0–25,6°C over the next 3 or 4 days. Stations located in Central Poland were characterized by similar trends of changes in temperature values, while the biggest differences was observed in Leba and Krakow. In this work, special attention was paid to the number of days with the rapid change in temperature, understood as the differences greater than or equal 10,0°C in three followings intervals: (T2–T1), (T3–T1) and (T4–T1). The frequency of these days was 9% in multi-year period, with a slight advantage of temperature decreases over its increases. A few percentage dominance of the number of days (Tmax ≥ 10,0°C) in the first 25 years of the review period (1961–1985), than in the second (1986–2010) was observed in the long-term course of rapid change.

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